Terapia sonora en sordera súbita

Autores

• Miguel A. López-González^{a, ,} ,
• Esther Cambil^b,
• Antonio Abrante^a,
• Rocío López-Fernández^b,
• Francisco Esteban^a

• ^a UGC Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
• ^b Centro Integral de Acúfenos, Sevilla, Spain

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Resumen

Introducción y objetivos

La hipoacusia neurosensorial súbita idiopática es un trastorno auditivo de causa desconocida. 

El índice de recuperación espontánea puede variar, según la literatura, en un rango del 50–75% de los pacientes. 

Experimentos científicos mediante terapia sonora en animales hipoacúsicos avalan el presente estudio en pacientes con sordera súbita tratados con sonidos.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio sin aleatorización de una serie retrospectiva de casos. Durante el período 2003-2009, pacientes con hipoacusia neurosensorial súbita idiopática fueron tratados con corticosteroides, piracetam y antioxidantes, en presencia y ausencia de terapia sonora de música y palabra.

Resultados

Cuando se comparan los resultados de los pacientes tratados con medicación (n = 65) y los tratados con medicación más terapia sonora (n = 67), se observa que los segundos tienen mayor recuperación. 

En este grupo, 25 (37%) se recuperaron completamente, 28 (42%) tuvieron buena recuperación, 11 (16%) ligera recuperación y 3 (5%) pobre recuperación o ninguna recuperación.

Conclusión

El 54% de los pacientes del grupo con medicación ha recuperado más de la mitad de la audición perdida y el 79% del grupo que recibió medicación y terapia sonora. 

La recuperación auditiva no sufrió alteraciones, al menos, en los siguientes 12 meses del tratamiento.

  Abstract

Introduction and goals

Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss is a hearing disorder of unknown cause. The spontaneous recovery rate ranges from 50% to 75% of the patients. Scientific experiments on animals support the present study in patients with sudden deafness treated with sounds.

Patients and methods

During the period 2003–2009, patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss were administered steroids, piracetam and antioxidants, together with the addition of sounds by means of music and words.

Results

Comparing the results of patients treated with medication (n=65) and those treated with medication and sounds (n=67), it was observed that patients treated with medication and sounds had higher recovery. Within the group of patients treated with medication and sounds, 25 (37%) experienced complete recovery, 28 (42%) good recovery, 11 (16%) slight recovery and 3 (5%) poor or no recovery.

Conclusion

The patients who recovered more than half of their audition accounted for 54% in the group treated with medication and for 79% in the group of patients receiving medication and sounds. Auditory recuperation showed no alterations, at least up to 12 months after therapy.

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Figures and tables from this article:

Figure 1. Recovery rate in patients with sudden deafness. Control: patients treated with medication. Sounds: patients treated with medication plus sound therapy (Chi-square, P<.050).

Figure 2. Patients with sudden deafness treated with medication plus sound therapy in relation to the recovery time. The Y-axis represents the percentage of patients with hearing recovery. The X-axis represents the duration of treatment in months. Hearing recovery was achieved mainly during the first month of treatment.

Figure 3. Pure tone audiometry of patients with sudden deafness. (A) Patients with normal hearing before sudden deafness who were treated with medication. (B) Patients with sensorineural hearing loss before sudden deafness who were treated with medication. (C) Patients with normal hearing before sudden deafness who were treated with medication plus sound therapy. (D) Patients with sensorineural hearing loss before sudden deafness who were treated with medication plus sound therapy. Results are expressed as mean±standard error (-■- hearing before sudden deafness; -▾- hearing after treatment of sudden deafness; -□- hearing at the time of diagnosis of sudden deafness).

Corresponding author.

Fuente: 

Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition)

Volume 63, Issue 3, May–June 2012, Pages 165–172

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otoeng.2012.05.002